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KMID : 1159320140160040549
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Korean Journal of Vision Science
2014 Volume.16 No. 4 p.549 ~ p.561
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The Effect of Bifocal Glasses on Childhood and Adolescent with Down Syndrome
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Ryu Dong-Kyu
Mah Ki-Choong
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Abstract
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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the effect that can be gained by prescribing bifocal glasses to childhood and adolescent with Down syndrome having under-accommodation.
Methods: This study, targeting 23 childhood and adolescent (11 males, 12 females), aged between 7 and 18, with Down syndrome having under-accommodation, before and after wearing bifocal glasses, and 11 (5 males, 6 females), after six months and one year, tested distance visual acuity and near visual acuity (LogMAR), performed objective refraction by using Mohindra retinoscopy, and conducted accommodative response test by using dynamic retinoscopy in the condition of 4 D, 6 D, and 10 D accommodative stimuli, and evaluated the developmental status of their visual perception by using Korean Developmental Test of Visual Perception (K-DTVP-2).
Result: For subjects with Down syndrome (n=23), near visual acuity, accommodative response measured in the condition of 4 D, 6 D, 10 D, and two out of three scales of Korean Developmental Test of Visual Perception significantly increased (p<0.05) after wearing bifocal glasses, and for those wearing bifocal glasses for one year (n=11), 11 of them (100%) showed increased accommodative response and 6 of them (55%) showed normally developed accommodative response, which indicates that their near vision could be improved without near vision correction.
Conclusion: Prescribing bifocal glasses to childhood and adolescent with Down syndrome having under-accommodation can be considered to be an efficient method in that it could temporarily improve near visual acuity, accommodative response, and some part of visual perception development, and in the long term, it could enable near visual acuity development by treating accommodative response.
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KEYWORD
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Childhood and adolescent with Down syndrome, Bifocal glasses, Accommodative response, Korean Developmental Test of Visual Perception, Mohindra retinoscopy, Dynamic retinoscopy
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